What is the mechanism of action of hyaluronidase in treating extravasation?

The mechanism of action of hyaluronidase in treating extravasation is centered on its ability to break down hyaluronic acid, a major component of the extracellular matrix. Hyaluronic acid provides structure and support to tissues and helps retain moisture. When hyaluronidase is administered, it enzymatically hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid, resulting in a reduction of tissue viscosity and increased permeability. This breakdown facilitates the movement and diffusion of fluids, allowing for the absorbed extravasated fluid to redistribute more effectively and improve tissue hydration.

The therapeutic effect of hyaluronidase is particularly valuable in cases of drug extravasation, where the presence of hyaluronic acid can trap harmful substances in the tissue, exacerbating damage. By modifying the extracellular environment, hyaluronidase helps reduce complications associated with extravasation, ultimately aiding in quicker recovery and minimizing tissue injury.