Which of the following is an indication for using a tunneled CVAD?

Tunneled central venous access devices (CVADs) are specifically designed for long-term use, making them ideal for patients who require infusions over an extended period, which can range from months to years. This type of access is surgically placed under the skin and tunneled through the tissue to the central vein, providing a stable and reliable route for medication delivery.

Using a tunneled CVAD for long-term infusion helps mitigate some complications associated with repeated short-term access, such as phlebitis or infection from frequent needle sticks. In the case of treatment regimens for chronic conditions, such as cancer therapies, these devices allow for ongoing access without the need for continual insertion and removal, which can be both painful and prone to complications.

Other options presented refer to scenarios unsuitable for tunneled CVADs. For instance, short-term medication administration and hydration for less than six days would typically be better served by a peripheral IV or a non-tunneled central line, which are intended for temporary use. Emergency blood access requires immediate and rapid placement, which again favors non-tunneled devices as they can be inserted quickly in urgent situations. Thus, long-term infusion is the correct and most appropriate indication for using a tunneled CVAD.